Papers of Ferdinand-André Fouqué (1828-1904) 1892-1903

Lyell, Charles, Sir, 1797-1875

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Sir Charles Lyell, first baronet, (1797-1875, APS, 1842) was a geologist and lawyer, whose Principles of Geology explained “former changes of the earth’s surface” by means of “modern causes.” Critical of the “catastrophist” views of many contemporary geologists, Lyell considered the earth “a system of balanced antagonistic processes,” a theory later described as uniformitarian. Although he rejected Jean Baptiste Lamarck’s theory of species mutability early in his career, later he favorabl...

Fouqué, F. (Ferdinand), 1828-1904

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Geikie, Archibald, 1835-1924

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Archibald Geikie was born in Edinburgh in 1835. He was educated at Edinburgh High School and the University of Edinburgh. In 1855, he joined the Geological Survey of Scotland, becoming its director in 1867. Between 1871 and 1882, he was professor of geology and mineralogy at the University of Edinburgh, and from 1882 until his retirement in 1901, served as director general of the Geological Survey of Great Britain. Geikie did much to further the study of glacial deposits in Scotland...